Person:Tecumseh Shawnee (1)

Advisory on Mother of Tecumseh

There is a commonly repeated story that the mother of Tecumseh was Mary Bayles, wife of Andrew Ice, son of Frederick Ice. As the story goes, Mary Bayles, was stolen by the Indians and returned several years later with a 2 year old son whom she called Tecumseh. This story is easily contradicted since Mary Bayles was born in 1763, and Tecumseh was born in 1768. [1]

Shawnee indian [from "A Pioneer History of Wirt County" by Tommie Sewell, in the Wirt County Journel, Vol 79 No 53, c. 1979]

A picture of Tecumseh is said to have been the only one made of the famous chief. He is dressed in the uniform of a British officer and the portrait was painted by a British.

Tecumseh, the name signifying "shooting star", was born on the Mad River, near its junction with the Great Miami, in 1786, in a cabin erected of sapling poles and sticks, daubed with clay. [Note: should be 1768.]

Indian genealogy is shrouded in obscurity and historians differ widely even to the family of Pukesheno. Tecumseh was a triplet, according to many writers. His triplet brothers were Tellskwatwa, who is better known as "The Prophet", and Kumskaukau. The Prophet was only second to Tecumseh as a warrior. While these triplet boys at the age of six were playing on the banks of the Scioto, their father was being killed at the battle of the Great Kanawha. From this time Chesetau became the head of the family and directed the training of his younger brothers, as their teacher and exempler. They were provided with small bows and arrows, and taught to hunt. Their capable mother, Methelashe, fed their family good venison and buffalo meat, corn gruel, ash cakes, pastes of bear fat, nuts and berries, wild rice and the products from her thrifty garden.

When Tecumseh was 12 years old the home was destroyed by whites. At the age of 14 hew joined his first war party and at the age of 18 he went with his brother Chesekau, to the south and southwest and was gone for three years. Before his return, the two brothers engaged in an encounter with the whites on the Tennessee border where Chesetau was killed in 1788 or 1789.

On Tecumseh's return to Ohio, he possesssed a growing sense of the injustice of the whites.

He had now become a trained warrior and was unexcelled as a hunter among his tribesmen. From this time, his influence spread so that he was not only a chief of his own tribe but was destined to become a great sachem of many tribes. His eloquence as an orator among his people provided a great advantage to him. He could not only sway his followers by the magic of his utterance but he is now classed as a stateman and a diplomat. He never won a great battle, but retained the loyality of his people. His efforts to keep the land for the indians proved futile. He went about the country dressed in the usual hunting shirt, mocassins and leggings, with knife and tomahawk in the girdle. He carried a formidable rifle and two stained feathers adorned the crown of his head., as an organizer among his people he had no peer. Tecumseh would not tolerate the torture of prisoners. History records show he prevented his followers from scalping and killing prisoners at Fort Meigs. On one occasion he found two boys in the woods and personally led them back to the settlement to prevent them from suffering harm.

Sauwseekee, Tecumseh's second oldest brother, was killed at Wayne's Victory in 1793.

The Prophet's fame rested on his ability as a medicine man who pictured to his followers the time when they could live forever untroubled by elbowing whites, when pumpkins and corn would grow to an enormous size. A parallel has existed in recent days when trustful old men and women believed in the panacea of one Dr. Townsend.

School boys know Tecumseh won the help of the Creek tribe. On receiving a cold reception from the leaders of the tribe, he left them but before his departure he advised them that he was going to Detroit and on his arrival would stamp his foot on the ground and shake down their wigwams. The Creek carefully measured the fullfillment of the threat. On the very day that Tecumseh was expected to complete his journey, a terrible rumble was heard, the earth rocked to and fro, their teepees trembled, and many of them toppling over. Terrified they rushed wildly about exclaimed, "Tecumseh has reached Detroit." This was the historical earthquake of New Madrid, Mississippi.

During the War of 1812, Tecumseh joined forces with the British and soon after was commissioned a briigadier general and to our knowledge was the only Indian ever to receive this high rank. At the battle of the Thames, Tecumseh commanded the left wing of the British army and it was here that Tecumseh died, probably from a pistol shot by Colonel Richard Johnson who was later elected vice-president. The tide of battle rolled by the prostrate form of Tecumseh. The next day when the Americans had returned to the United States Tecumseh's faithful Shawnee warriors returned to the battlefield and, near a large fallen oak, they buried their fallen leader.

The British granted a pension to Mamate, Tecumseh's widow, and to his son, they gave a sword. The willows and rosebushes now grown thich above the ground where in silence and solitude repose the dust of the Shawnee chief. He struggled in vain against the inevitable. He fought a good fight. His fame is secure upon the golden pages of history. Who shall say to him nay? Tecumseh lived to witness the movements that led to the time when his tribe would vanish from the setting sun. Some of his direct descendants, the Alfords, now live in Oklahoma.

External links

• Wikipedia
• Battle of Thames
• Tecumseh! is a play based on his life ongoing at Sugarloaf Mountain Amphitheatre near Chillicothe, Ohio since 1973

https://www.werelate.org/wiki/Person:William_Prophet_%288%29 Great grandson of Tecumseh

https://www.werelate.org/wiki/Person:Harrell_Brokeshoulder_%281%29 a descendant

1. ↑ McWhorter, Lucullus Virgil. The Border Settlers of Northwestern Virginia from 1768 to 1795: Embracing the Life of Jesse Hughes and Other Noted Scouts of the Great Woods of the Trans-Allegheny. (Hamilton, Ohio: Republican Publishing Co., 1915)
   1915.

   Excerpt: Tecumseh had other wives than Mamate; the last of whom was
   Wa-be-le-ga-ne-qua: "white wing." He lived with her from 1802 to 1807, but it is not known
   that he had other children than the one son; but there may have been others.
   There is living among the fourteen Confederated Tribes, known as the Yakimas
   of Washington, a tali, spare, sinewy man just past the meridian of life, who differs
   in some respects from the tribesmen about him. This is Chief Tecumseh Yak-a-
   tow-it, who gave me this fragment of his family history.
   
   "Mine," said he, "is an inherited name on my father's side. I am descended
   from a long line of warriors. My father was Yakatowit, Chief of the Klickitats.
   My grandfather, whose name I cannot recall, was a noted warrior who came from
   far to the east, I know not the locality. His father was a great chief named Tecum-
   seh, who was a mighty warrior. I know but little of his history, nor am I certain
   of his tribe. I only know that my father told me that he fell in battle fighting
   with King George's soldiers against the Americans. This was a long time ago.
   I know not how many years. It has been long since that battle was fought."
   
   While Tecumseh enjoys but slight education, he is a man of strong mentality
   and high moral integrity. He has always been a leading spirit in tribal affairs,
   and on March 15, 1912, was chosen "Head Chief of all the Yakimas." This,
   however, was in a factional fight and being a man of sensitive honor, he has never
   pressed his claim. I have often met with him in tribal councils and visited at his
   home. When I first met him, he had never read of this most renowned Shawnee;
   nor does he know the meaning, or interpretation of his own name. He explained
   that "Tecumseh," in Klickitat, has no primal rendition, but is "only' a name." He
   is proud of his traditional lineage, and justly.

2. ↑ Find A Grave.

   Tecumseh Notes: Tecumseh's body was apparently buried on or near the battlefield. Legend says that it was later removed to a location, possibly in Ohio, that is a closely guarded secret among the Shawnee descendants. Other rumored locations are St. Anne's Island, in the St. Claire River at the head of Lake St. Clair, and Walpole Island, also on Lake St. Clair.

3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3} Tecumseh, in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.

   Tecumseh (March 1768 – October 5, 1813), also known as Tecumtha or Tekamthi, was a Native American leader of the Shawnee and a large tribal confederacy that opposed the United States during Tecumseh's War and the War of 1812. He grew up in what the British-American colonists called the Ohio country during the American Revolutionary War and the Northwest Indian War, where he was constantly exposed to warfare.

4. ↑ ^4.0 4.1 Tecumseh's Last Stand. American History Magazines. ISSN: 1076-8866. December 2012. volume 47, number 5. page 34.
5. ↑ ^5.0 5.1 .

   Appletons' Cyclopedia of American Biography, 1600-1889
   Name: Tecumseh
   Birth Date: 1768
   Birth Place: Springfield, Ohio
   Death Date: 5 Oct 1813
   Death Place: Thames, Canada
   Occupation: Shawnee Chief
   Source Citation
   Appletons' Cyclopedia of American Biography; Volume: Vol. VI
   
   Source Information
   Ancestry.com. Appletons' Cyclopedia of American Biography, 1600-1889 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2016.

6. ↑ .

   Chief Tecumseh
   Birth: 8 Mar 1768 Auglaize County, Ohio, USA
   Death: 5 Oct 1813 (aged 45) Chatham, Chatham-Kent Municipality, Ontario, Canada
   Cenotaph: Walpole Island First Nations Reserve, Walpole, Haldimand County, Ontario, Canada
   Memorial #: 11120
   Bio: Early 19th Century Native American Leader. He is remembered as the chief of a large tribal Native American confederacy which opposed the United States during Tecumseh's War (the conflict between the US and Native Americans in the area of the Northwest Territory from about 1809 to late 1811) and the War of 1812. It is believed he was been born along the Scioto River, near the present-day city of Chillicothe, Ohio, or in another village the Shawnee Kispoko tribe had erected not far away, along a small tributary stream of the Scioto, where his family moved just before or not long after his birth. When he was a boy, his father Puckshinwa, a minor Shawnee Kispoko war chief, was killed by white frontiersmen who had crossed onto Indian land in violation of a treaty, at the Battle of Point Pleasant in present-day West Virginia during Lord Dunmore's War in 1774. The Shawnee were military allies with the British during the American Revolutionary War and repeatedly battled the Americans. Following his father's death, his family moved back to Chief Blackfish's nearby village of Chillicothe. The town was destroyed in 1779 by Kentucky militia in reprisal for Blackfish's attack on famed frontiersman Daniel Boone's settlement of Boonesburough, Kentucky. His family then fled to another nearby Kispoko village, but it was destroyed in 1780 by forces under the command of George Rogers Clark. The family moved a third time to the village of Sanding Stone, which was attacked again by Clark in November 1782, and the family moved to a new Shawnee settlement near modern Bellefontaine, Ohio. Around the age of 15, he joined a band of Shawnee who were determined to stop the white invasion of their lands by attacking settlers' flatboats traveling down the Ohio River from Pennsylvania. For a while, these raids were so effective that river traffic virtually ceased. In early 1789 he traveled south with his older brother Cheeseekau and a small band of Shawnee warriors to live among, and fight alongside, the Chickamauga faction of the Cherokee. There he met Dragging Canoe, a was chief leader who was leading a resistance movement against US expansion. Cheeseekau was killed while leading a raid, and Tecumseh assumed leadership of the small Shawnee band, and subsequent Chickamauga raiding parties. In 1790 he returned to the Ohio territory and participated in several battles, including Fallen Timbers in 1794, in which the Native Americans were defeated by General Anthony Wayne's American forces, which ended the Northwestern Indian Wars. He eventually settled in what is now Greenville, Ohio, the home of his younger brother Lalawethika, who would later take the new name of Tenskwatawa and became known as "The Prophet." A religious leader, he advocated a return of the Shawnee and other American Indians to their ancestral lifestyle and rejection of the colonists and Americans. Around 1808, Tecumseh relocated with "The Prophet" near the confluences of the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers, near present-day Battle Ground, Indiana, and established the village of Prophetstown. "The Prophet's" religious teachings became more widely known, as did his predictions on the coming doom of the Americans, and it attracted numerous members of other tribes to Prophetstown. They formed the basis of a sizeable confederacy of tribes in the southwestern Great Lakes region and Tecumseh emerged as the primary leader of this confederation. In September 1809, William Henry Harrison, governor of the newly formed Indiana Territory, negotiated the Treaty of Fort Wayne in which a delegation of Native Americans ceded 3 million acres of their lands to the US. Tecumseh opposed this and in August 1810 he led 400 armed warriors to confront Harrison at his home in Vincennes, Indiana, and demand the treaty be overturned, which Harrison refused to do. He met with Harrison again in 1811 without any resolution and he travelled south to recruit allies among the Five Civilized Tribes consisting of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole. Harrison sensed that war was imminent and decided to strike first. On September 26, 1811 he led a force of 1,000 trained soldiers to Prophetstown and early on November 7th, the Native Americans launched a sneak attack. Harrison's forces prevailed and they won the battle and destroyed the village. In spite of this setback, Tecumseh rallied his confederacy and joined up with British forces at the beginning of the War of 1812. He teamed with British Major General Sir Isaac Brock in the Siege of Detroit, helping to force the city's surrender in August 1812. In the summer of 1813, with the American Naval victory on Lake Erie and Harrison's successful defense of Fort Miegs, the British found themselves in an indefensible position and withdrew from Detroit. Harrison continued to pursue the British forces and their Native American allies into Canada and on October 5, 1813, he defeated them at the Battle of the Thames, near Moraviantown, in the present-day Canadian province of Ontario. Tecumseh was killed, and shortly after the battle, most tribes of his confederacy surrendered to Harrison at Detroit. Several in Harrison's army claimed to have killed him, including Col. Richard Mentor Johnson of the Kentucky Mounted Rifles, and this fame helped him be elected to the US vice presidency in 1837. The exact location of his grave is unknown.
   Maintained by: Find A Grave
   Added: 17 Jul 2000
   URL: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/11120
   Citation: Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 13 May 2019), memorial page for Chief Tecumseh (8 Mar 1768–5 Oct 1813), Find A Grave Memorial no. 11120, citing Walpole Island First Nations Reserve, Walpole, Haldimand County, Ontario, Canada ; Maintained by Find A Grave .

7.   .

   Shawnee Genealogy & Family History, volume I, page 90, 2008.
   title: Shawnee Heritage: Shawnee Genealogy & Family History
   author:Don Greene
   publisher: lulu.com
   series: Shawnee Heritage
   https://books.google.com/

8. ↑ ^8.0 8.1 Tomlinson, Paul. Trail of Tecumseh. (New York City: D. Appleton and Company, 1917).
9. ↑ ^{9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13} Drake, Benjamin. Life of Tecumseh and of His Brother, the Prophet: with a Historical Sketch of the Shawanoe Indians. (Cincinnati: H. S. & J. Applegate & Co., 1852).

   Tecumseh was born in Chillicothe or Piqua, but the places currently called Chillicothe or Piqua in Ohio today are not these places. The current places are named in honor of the now vanished original Chillicothe and Piqua.
   Chillicothe, according to Drake was "at the mouth of Massie's creek, three miles north of Xenia". Piqua was "on the north-west side of the Mad River, about seven miles below Springfield, in Clark county". (Old) Piqua was destroyed on 8 August 1780 by the U. S. Army.

10.   Absentee Shawnee News
    page 6, July 2015.

    https://www.astribe.com/newsletters
    Descendants of Tecumtha (or Tecumseh). Shawnee Family Register by Thomas Wildcat Alford, approved by representatives of the tribe 1) Thomas Alford 2) Thomas Hood 3) Jacob Buckheart on 13 August 1931. Information drawn from the book "Old Chillicothe" by William Albert Galloway, Buckeye Press, Xenia, Ohio, 1934.

11. ↑ ^{11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6} Cozzens, Peter. Tecumseh and the Prophet: The Shawnee Brothers Who Defied a Nation. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2020).

    Author states that the "panther" part of Tecumseh's name comes from him being of the "panther" clan on his father's side.

12.   Black Swamp Heritage Articles
    Bill Oliver
    31 March 2002
    Vol. 1, Issue: #13
    Excerpt:
    Tecumseh grew into a man who possessed an intangible,
    and undescribable aura of a leader to follow anywhere,
    anytime. They say that there were many women who
    wished to become the wife of Tecumseh. He did accept a
    maiden to cook for him, and attend to his needs, but
    without the ritual of marriage.
    Tecumseh did marry Mohnetohse and she gave birth to a
    son who was named Mahyawwekawpawe. He invoked the
    ancient Shawnee marital law, to divorce her because she
    did not take care of their son. He took his son and
    put him into the raising care of his sister,
    Tecumapese, ordering Mohnetohse to be away from him
    forever.
    
    Upon the urging of his tribesmen, he married second,
    Mamate, a slightly older woman in order to relieve his
    sister of taking care of his son. However, when Mamate
    gave birth, she was so weak that she soon died in the
    night.. Tecumseh named this son Naythawaynah — the
    Panther Seizing Its Prey, and Tecumapese was now in
    charge of raising both sons.
    
    In an earlier article it was mentioned of a possible
    potential marriage to a frontiersman's daughter,
    Rebecca Galloway. This is only one of stories about
    this romantic leader of Indians. Another rumored
    relationship, or marriage, though not proven, is that
    Tecumseh as a young man married a girl named Tompkins
    here in northwest Ohio and that there were children who
    retained the name Tompkins.