Alternative names
Valve infection
Definition
Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inside lining of the heart chambers and heart valves (endocardium).
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Endocarditis can involve the heart muscle, heart valves, or lining of the heart. Most people who develop endocarditis have underlying valvular heart disease.
Injection drug use, recent dental surgery, permanent central venous access lines, prior valve surgery, and weakened valves are risk factors for developing endocarditis.
Bacterial infection is the most common source of endocarditis. However, it can also be caused by fungi. In some cases, no causative organism can be identified.
Symptoms
fatigue
weakness
fever
chills
night sweats, may be severe
weight loss
muscle aches and pains
heart murmur
shortness of breath with activity
swelling of feet, legs, abdomen
blood in the urine
sweating, excessive
red painless skin spots, located on the palms and soles (called Janeway lesions)
red, painful nodes in the pads of the fingers and toes (called Osler's nodes)
paleness
nail abnormalities (splinter hemorrhages under the nails)
joint pain
abnormal urine color
Note: Endocarditis symptoms may develop slowly (subacute) or suddenly (acute).
