Place:English Combe, Somerset, England

the text in this section is based on an article in Wikipedia English Combe (#9 on map) (sometimes Englishcombe or Combe-English) is a civil parish with a village of the same name in Somerset, England, just outside Bath. The parish, which also includes the hamlets of Inglesbatch, Nailwell and Wilmington, had a population of over 318 in the UK census of 2011. [edit] History the text in this section is condensed from an article in Wikipedia The village lies on the route of the Wansdyke (from Woden's Dyke) an early medieval boundary, or possibly defining a Roman boundary, with a series of defensive linear earthworks, consisting of a ditch and a running embankment from the ditch spoil, with the ditching facing north. Its construction is attributed to the Saxons, probably in the late sixth century. The Domesday Book of 1086 records that English Combe was held by Nigel de Gournay, who would have won his lands in English Combe, Twerton, Swainswick and Barrow Gurney by fighting for William I of England. His original home may have been Gournay, which was half-way between Dieppe and Paris in France. His descendant, Thomas de Gournay, was involved with the murder of Edward II at Berkeley Castle in 1327. The earthwork remains of the Gournay family castle, just north of the village of English Combe, are known as Culverhay Castle, built in the 12th century and now a Scheduled Ancient Monument. The tithe barn attached to Rectory Farmhouse was built by Bath Abbey in the early 14th century. It was restored in the 1990s and has been designated as a Grade II* listed building. Rectory Farmhouse itself was built onto the barn in the early to mid 17th century.

The "Manor of Inglescombe", as it was previously called, was acquired by the Duchy of Cornwall in 1421. Along with the Duchy's more recent acquisition of the neighbouring village of Newton St. Loe in 1941 they form the Duchy's largest estate outside Dartmoor in Devon.

The mining of Fuller's earth started in the parish in the 19th century but expanded around the time of World War I with pits in Middle Wood and Vernham wood. It continued until the 1960s when small underground springs made the extraction too expensive to continue.

Governance

English Combe was a parish in the Wellow Hundred, one of the hundreds or early subdivisions of the county of Somerset. In 1894 it was placed in the Bath Rural District and when the rural district was abolished in 1933, it was transferred to the Bathavon Rural District until 1974.

In 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, all urban and rural districts across England were abolished and counties were reorganized into metropolitan and non-metropolitan districts. In addition, this area of Somerset with the city of Bristol and part of Gloucestershire were declared a new county named Avon. Like other counties, it had non-metropolitan districts covering the more non-urban areas. The area directly south of Bristol and east to the border with Wiltshire was placed in the Wansdyke District, while the section west to the Bristol Channel was placed in the Woodspring District. The county of Avon only lasted until 1996. When it was abolished a slight restructuring of non-metropolitan districts occurred to allow those parts of Avon to return to Somerset and Gloucestershire. English Combe is now in the unitary authority of Bath and North East Somerset.

Research Tips

• GENUKI page on English Combe.
• The Somerset Heritage Centre (incorporating what was formerly the Somerset Record Office and the Somerset Local Studies Library) can be found at its new location at Langford Mead in Taunton. It has an online search facility leading to pages of interest, including maps from the First and Second Ordnance Survey (select "Maps and Postcards" from the list at the left, then enter the parish in the search box).
  The Heritage Centre has an email address: archives@somerset.gov.uk.
• Three maps on the A Vision of Britain through Time website illustrate the changes in political boundaries over the period 1830-1945. All have expanding scales and on the second and third this facility is sufficient that individual parishes can be inspected.

• Somerset Hundreds as drawn in 1832. This map was prepared before The Great Reform Act of that year. Note the polling places and representation of the various parts of the county.
• Somerset in 1900, an Ordnance Survey map showing rural districts, the boundaries of the larger towns, the smaller civil parishes of the time, and some hamlets and villages in each parish
• Somerset in 1943, an Ordnance Survey map showing the rural districts after the changes to their structure in the 1930s

• Maps provided by the National Library of Scotland are also very useful. This map is currently set to an area now in the Sedgmoor District as it existed in the late 19th century, but can be moved to anywhere in the county using a variety of background maps. There is a very good search facility.
• A Vision of Britain through Time has a group of pages of statistical facts for almost every parish in the county
• GENUKI gives pointers to other archive sources as well as providing some details on each parish. The emphasis here is on ecclesiastical parishes (useful before 1837)
• A listing of all the Registration Districts in England and Wales since their introduction in 1837 and tables of the parishes that were part of each district and the time period covered with detailed notes on changes of parish name, mergers, etc. The compiler has gone to a lot of work to provide this material. Respect his copyright.
• The FamilySearch Wiki for Somerset provides a similar but not identical series of webpages to that provided by GENUKI
• English Jurisdictions, a supplementary website to FamilySearch outlining local parish boundaries in the middle on the 19th century. The information provided is especially useful for establishing the relationship of the ecclesiastical parishes in large towns and cathedral cities.
• The Victoria History of the Counties of England – History of the County of Somerset, produced by The Institute of Historical Research at the University of London is a scholarly website with articles tracing the history of individual parishes which are sorted into their hundreds, the early subdivisions of the county. It traces the ownership of estates and manors, describes the local church in detail, and usually provides a map of each parish. The volumes for Somerset are much more recent than those for other counties. It appears to be a work in progress, only covering about half the county so far. A map of the places covered in the series is given in Volume 6, but 3 more volumes have been published since then. If a parish is included there will be a note in its Research Tips.
• The Somerset and Dorset Family History Society
• The Weston super Mare Family History Society
• The Bristol and Avon Family History Society
• A list of all Somerset parishes with online transcripts of parish registers The size of Somerset makes this a huge project. If it does not yield what you are looking for, try getting in touch with the organizer with patience and politeness.
• Somerset Online Parish Clerk project home page
• A collection of West Somerset Parish Register Transcriptions are online courtesy of Martin Southwood