Person:Rollo (1)

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Rollo or Gaange Rolf (Norman: Rou; Old Norse: Hrólfr; ; 860 – 930 AD) was a Viking who became the first ruler of Normandy, a region of France. He is sometimes called the first Duke of Normandy. His son and grandson, William Longsword and Richard I, used the titles "count" (Latin comes or consul) and "prince" (princeps). His great-grandson Richard II was the first to officially use the title of Duke of Normandy. His Scandinavian name Rolf was extended to Gaange Rolf because he became too heavy as an adult for a horse to carry; therefore he had to walk ("gaa" in older Dano-Norwegian). Rollo emerged as the outstanding personality among the Norsemen who had secured a permanent foothold on Frankish soil in the valley of the lower Seine. Charles the Simple, the king of West Francia, ceded them lands between the mouth of the Seine and what is now Rouen in exchange for Rollo agreeing to end his brigandage, and provide the Franks with protection against future Viking raids.

Rollo is first recorded as the leader of these Viking settlers in a charter of 918, and he continued to reign over the region of Normandy until at least 928. He was succeeded by his son William Longsword in the Duchy of Normandy that he had founded. The offspring of Rollo and his followers became known as the Normans. After the Norman conquest of England and their conquest of southern Italy and Sicily over the following two centuries, their descendants came to rule Norman England (the House of Normandy), the Kingdom of Sicily (the Kings of Sicily) as well as the Principality of Antioch from the 10th to 12th century, leaving behind an enduring legacy in the histories of Europe and the Near East.

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3} Rollo, in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.
2.   (SoN)Story of the Normans. (Sarah Orne Jewett; New York: Putnam Press, 1888), p.32.
3.   Cutter, William Richard. New England Families, Genealogical and Memorial: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of the Commonwealths and the Founding of a Nation. (New York, New York, United States: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1913-14).
4.   Rollo, in Baldwin, Stewart, and Todd Farmerie. The Henry Project (King Henry II ): Ancestors of King Henry II.
5.   ROLLO ["Ganger" Hrolf], son of [RAGNVALD "the Wise" Jarl of Möre in Norway & his wife Ragnhild ---] (-Rouen [928/33], bur ---, transferred [1064] to Rouen Cathedral), in Cawley, Charles. Medieval Lands: A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4} Biographie a Wikipédia FR, in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia, [[1]], trouvée 2016, Secondary quality.

   Rollon1 (mort entre 928 et 933) est le chef viking à l'origine du duché de Normandie. En 911, en contrepartie de l'arrêt de ses pillages, il reçoit du roi Charles le Simple un territoire autour de Rouen. Environ cent ans plus tard, cette concession deviendra le duché de Normandie. Il est assez difficile de fixer la trame de la vie de Rollon, car elle est également l'objet de récits légendaires.