Person:Maria Carolina of Austria (1)
Erzherzogin Maria Karolina von Österreich
b.13 Aug 1752 Vienna, Wien, Austria
d.8 Sep 1814 Vienna, Wien, Austria
Parents and Siblings
(edit)
m. 12 Feb 1736
  1. Maria Elisabeth _____1737 - 1740
  2. Erzherogin Maria Anna _____, von Österreich1738 - 1789
  3. Maria Karolina von Hapsburg1740 - 1741
  4. Joseph II _____, Holy Roman Emperor1741 - 1790
  5. Erzherogin Maria Christine _____, von Österreich1742 - 1798
  6. Erzherzogin Maria Elisabeth Josepha _____, von Österreich1743 - 1808
  7. Erzherzog Karl Joseph von Österreich1745 - 1761
  8. Erzherzogin Maria Amalia von Österreich1746 - 1804
  9. Leopold II _____, Holy Roman Emperor1747 - 1792
  10. Maria Caroline1748 - 1748
  11. Erzherzogin Johanna Gabriele von Österreich1750 - 1762
  12. Erzherzogin Maria Josepha von Österreich1751 - 1767
  13. Erzherzogin Maria Karolina von Österreich1752 - 1814
  14. Erzherzog Ferdinand Karl von Österreich-Este1754 - 1806
  15. Erzherzogin Marie Antoinette von Österreich1755 - 1793
  16. Erzherzog Maximilian Franz von Österreich1756 - 1801
Spouse and Children
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  1. Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily1772 - 1807
  2. Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily1773 - 1802
  3. Carlo _____, Duke of Calabria1775 - 1778
  4. Maria Anna of Naples and Sicily1775 - 1780
  5. Francis I of the Two Sicilies1777 - 1830
  6. Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies1779 - 1849
  7. Maria Cristina Amelia of Naples and Sicily1779 - 1783
  8. Gennaro of Naples and Sicily1780 - 1789
  9. Giuseppe of Naples and Sicily1781 - 1783
  10. Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies1782 - 1866
  11. Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily1784 - 1806
  12. Maria Clotiilde of Naples and Sicily1786 - 1792
  13. Maria Henrietta of Naples and Sicily1787 - 1792
  14. Leopold _____, Prince of Salerno1790 - 1851
  15. Prince Alberto of Naples and Sicily1792 - 1798
  16. Maria Isabelle of Naples and Sicily1793 - 1801
Add another spouse & children
Facts and Events
Name Erzherzogin Maria Karolina von Österreich
Gender Female
Birth[1][2][3] 13 Aug 1752 Vienna, Wien, Austria
Marriage to Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
Death[1][2][3] 8 Sep 1814 Vienna, Wien, Austria
Reference Number? Q158229?


the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia

Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. As de facto ruler of her husband's kingdoms, Maria Carolina oversaw the promulgation of many reforms, including the revocation of the ban on Freemasonry, the enlargement of the navy under her favorite, Sir John Acton and the expulsion of Spanish influence. She was a proponent of enlightened absolutism until the advent of the French Revolution, when, in order to prevent its ideas gaining currency, she made Naples a police state.

Born an Austrian archduchess, the thirteenth child of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I, she married Ferdinand as part of an Austrian alliance with Spain, whereas Ferdinand's father was king. Following the birth of a male heir in 1775, Maria Carolina was admitted to the Privy Council. Thereafter, she dominated it until 1812, when she was sent back to Vienna. Like her mother, Maria Carolina took pains to make politically advantageous marriages for her children. Maria Carolina promoted Naples as a centre of the arts, patronising painters Jacob Philipp Hackert and Angelica Kauffman, and academics Gaetano Filangieri, Domenico Cirillo and Giuseppe Maria Galanti. Maria Carolina, abhorring how the French treated their queen, her sister Marie Antoinette, allied Naples with Britain and Austria during the Napoleonic and French Revolutionary Wars. As a result of a failed Neapolitan invasion of French-occupied Rome, she fled to Sicily with her husband in December 1798. One month later, the Parthenopean Republic was declared, which repudiated Bourbon rule in Naples for six months. Deposed as Queen of Naples for a second time by French forces, in 1806, Maria Carolina died in Vienna in 1814, a year before her husband's restoration to Naples.

Maria Carolina was the last surviving child of Maria Theresa.

This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Maria Carolina of Austria. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
References
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Maria Carolina of Austria, in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hamann, Brigitte, „Maria Karolina“, in Neue Deutsche Biographie. (Berlin: Duncker und Humblot, c1953-)
    16 (1990), S. 201 f. .
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wurzbach, Constantin. Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich: enthaltend die Lebenskizzen der denkwürdigen Personen, welche 1750 bis 1850 im Kaiserstaate und in Kronländer gelebt haben. (Wien: K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1856-1891)
    6:398-399.
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