Person:Ivan IV of Russia (1)

Ivan IV of Russia
b.3 Dec 1533
d.18 Mar 1584
  1. Ivan IV of Russia1533 - 1584
m. 3 Feb 1547
  1. Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich of Russia1554 - 1581
  2. Feodor I of Russia1557 - 1598
m. 21 Aug 1561
m. 28 Oct 1571
m. 29 Apr 1572
m. Jan 1575
m. 1579
m. 1580
m. 1581
  1. Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia1582 - 1591
Facts and Events
Name Ivan IV of Russia
Gender Male
Birth[1] 3 Dec 1533 Rurik dynasty
Marriage 3 Feb 1547 to Anastasia of Russia
Marriage 21 Aug 1561 to Maria Temrjukovna
Marriage 28 Oct 1571 to Marfa Sobakin
Marriage 29 Apr 1572 to Anna Koltovskaya
Marriage Jan 1575 to Anna Vasilchikov
Marriage 1579 to Vasilisa Melentev
Marriage 1580 to Maria Dolgoruki
Marriage 1581 to Maria Nagaya
Death[1] 18 Mar 1584
Reference Number? Q7996?


the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia

Ivan IV Vasilyevich (; 25 August 1530 – ), commonly known in English as Ivan the Terrible (from , romanized: , lit. "Ivan the Formidable" or "Ivan the Fearsome", , monastic name: Jonah), was the grand prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and the first Tsar of all Russia from 1547 to 1584.

Ivan was the son of Vasili III, the Rurikid ruler of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. He was appointed grand prince after his father's death, when he was three years old. A group of reformers known as the "Chosen Council" united around the young Ivan, declaring him tsar (emperor) of All Rus' in 1547 at the age of 16 and establishing the Tsardom of Russia with Moscow as the predominant state. Ivan's reign was characterised by Russia's transformation from a medieval state to an empire under the tsar but at an immense cost to its people and its broader, long-term economy.

During his youth, there was a conquest of the khanates of Kazan and Astrakhan. After he had consolidated his power, Ivan rid himself of the advisers from the "Chosen Council" and triggered the Livonian War, which ravaged Russia and resulted in the loss of Livonia and Ingria but allowed him to establish greater autocratic control over Russia's nobility, which he violently purged with the Oprichnina. The later years of Ivan's reign were marked by the Massacre of Novgorod and the burning of Moscow by Tatars.

Contemporary sources present disparate accounts of Ivan's complex personality. He was described as intelligent and devout but also prone to paranoia, rage, and episodic outbreaks of mental instability that increased with age. In one fit of anger, he murdered his eldest son and heir, Ivan Ivanovich, and he might also have caused the miscarriage of the latter's unborn child. This left his younger son, the politically ineffectual Feodor Ivanovich, to inherit the throne, a man whose rule and subsequent childless death led directly to the end of the Rurikid dynasty and the beginning of the Time of Troubles.

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References
  1. 1.0 1.1 Ivan IV of Russia, in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.
  2.   Ivan IV 'the Terrible', Tsar of Russia, in Lundy, Darryl. The Peerage: A genealogical survey of the peerage of Britain as well as the royal families of Europe.