Person:Charles Gillings (1)

1891 - With parents at Police Station, Euston, Suffolk. Aged 11 months, born at Orford, Suffolk.

1901 - With parents at the Street, Eriswell, West Suffolk. Aged 10, born at Orford, Suffolk.

1916 - From CWGC: Name: GILLINGS, CHARLES WILLIAM; Initials: C W; Nationality: United Kingdom; Rank: Private; Regiment/Service: Black Watch (Royal Highlanders); Unit Text: 8th Bn.; Age: 26; Date of Death: 18/07/1916; Service No: S/6258; Additional information: Son of William and Phyllis Marguerite Gillings, of Great Barton, Bury St. Edmund'S, Suffolk; Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead; Grave/Memorial Reference: Pier and Face 10 A; Memorial: THIEPVAL MEMORIAL.

On 1 July 1916, supported by a French attack to the south, thirteen divisions of Commonwealth forces launched an offensive on a line from north of Gommecourt to Maricourt. Despite a preliminary bombardment lasting seven days, the German defences were barely touched and the attack met unexpectedly fierce resistance. Losses were catastrophic and with only minimal advances on the southern flank, the initial attack was a failure. In the following weeks, huge resources of manpower and equipment were deployed in an attempt to exploit the modest successes of the first day. However, the German Army resisted tenaciously and repeated attacks and counter attacks meant a major battle for every village, copse and farmhouse gained. At the end of September, Thiepval was finally captured. The village had been an original objective of 1 July. Attacks north and east continued throughout October and into November in increasingly difficult weather conditions. The Battle of the Somme finally ended on 18 November with the onset of winter. In the spring of 1917, the German forces fell back to their newly prepared defences, the Hindenburg Line, and there were no further significant engagements in the Somme sector until the Germans mounted their major offensive in March 1918. The Thiepval Memorial, the Memorial to the Missing of the Somme, bears the names of more than 72,000 officers and men of the United Kingdom and South African forces who died in the Somme sector before 20 March 1918 and have no known grave. Over 90% of those commemorated died between July and November 1916. The memorial also serves as an Anglo-French Battle Memorial in recognition of the joint nature of the 1916 offensive and a small cemetery containing equal numbers of Commonwealth and French graves lies at the foot of the memorial. The memorial, designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, was built between 1928 and 1932 and unveiled by the Prince of Wales, in the presence of the President of France, on 1 August 1932 (originally it had been scheduled for 16 May, but due to the sudden death of French President Doumer, as a mark of respect, the ceremony was postponed until August).

Essex Police Memorial Trust Article (from Casey1, Ancestry.com):

First World War Memorials.

Charles William Gillings, Southend-on-Sea County Borough Constabulary. Served from 1st April 1914. Died on 18th July 1916.

Police Constable Charles William Gillings was the son of William and Phyllis Marguerite Gillings, of Great Barton, Bury St. Edmund's, Suffolk. He was born on 24th April 1890 at Orford in Suffolk.

His first attempt to join the police service was unsuccessful when the Metropolitan Police rejected his application as he was too young. He then found employment as a game keeper at the Burghley House estate in Lincolnshire belonging to the Marquis of Exeter.

On 16th February 1912 at the age of 21 he finally joined the police, serving with the Grantham Borough Police. On 6th February 1914 an advertisement appeared in the Police Review seeking candidates for the Southend-on-Sea County Borough Constabulary which was to take over policing the town from 1st April 1914. Charles, seeing an opportunity for advancement applied, and by 20th February 1914 he was in Southend attending his interview and medical. His application form described him thus - aged 23, height 6ft 1 in, weight 13 stones 7lbs, chest measurement 38 inches, hazel eyes, brown hair, fresh complexion, gamekeeper by trade, single, and resident at 40 Green Hill Road in Grantham', while his parents were living at Wylde Street in Mildenhall, Suffolk.

Among those recommending his appointment were the Mayor and Vicar of Grantham. His application was fully supported by the Chief Constable of Grantham, J R Casburn who wrote to his counterpart at Southend, Henry Kerslake, stating;

"Gillings has been here just over two years and is a most painstaking officer. He is very steady, reliable and always attentive. I am certain that he will prove a most capable officer. He is well liked by his fellows and the general public. I think very well of him and shall be very sorry to lose him, but as there is not much chance of promotion here, this being a small force, I feel I should be doing wrong by standing in the way of his gaining promotion elsewhere. I can thoroughly recommend him."

Not surprisingly Charles was accepted by the Southend-on-Sea County Borough Constabulary. His record of service shows his date of joining as 30th March 1914, the day before the force was officially established. He was one of 23 transferees or new recruits who joined 78 men from the Essex County Constabulary to form the new Southend force. Within months Britain was at war, and on 17th October 1914 Charles wrote to the Chief Constable seeking permission to join the army for the duration of the war, "provided that I should be allowed to rejoin this force and would the service I now have to my credit count for pension purposes".

Three days later Charles wrote again to the Chief Constable reporting: "I have been accepted for His Majesty's Army. I shall be glad if you will allow me to resign from this force on Wednesday October 21st. I leave early on Thursday morning to join my regiment."

Two days later the Chief Clerk reported that Charles "handed in his uniform and accouterments on this date and was paid off".

Charles enlisted to join the army in Southend as Private S/6258 with the 8th Battalion, Black Watch (Royal Highlanders). He was twice wounded - first at Festubert and second at Loos during the battles of 1915. He was killed by a single shell at Longueval on 18 July 1916 which killed five of a group of seven - Gilliings was binding up a wounded comrade at the time. He was aged 26 and described by his commanding officer as "one of his best officers".

Southend's Chief Constable was told the news in a letter from Charles' father, William, dated 13th August 1916. He wrote, "It is with much regret that I beg to inform you that I received a letter from the Colonel of the 8th Battalion, Black Watch (Royal Highlanders) on the 9th instant telling me that my son, Corporal Gillings of that battalion was killed in action at Lonqueval on the 18th July last. Allow me to say I had very much looked forward to his rejoining the Southend force under your command."

This was a start of a sad exchange of letters between Chief Constable Kerslake and the family. On 4th October 1916 Charles’ brother, Driver H Gillings, wrote to the Chief Constable; "Please allow me to express to you on behalf of his remaining brothers and sisters - including myself - our grateful thanks and deep appreciation for your most kind and sympathetic letters to our parents in their bereavement, which I assure you is a source of great pleasure and deeply appreciated by all of us. I feel that the least I can do, on behalf of us all, is to let you know that of all the letters received by our parents, the ones which you so kindly sent are the most treasured. My father particularly treasures them very very highly indeed and is so proud of them that he always carries them about with him. It his greatest pleasure is to show them to anyone who may make a reference to the death of our dear brother. I am myself proceeding to the front at any minute."

Charles was buried 150 yards south of Longueval church but his grave must later have been lost as his name is on the Thiepval Memorial. He is commemorated on pier and face 10 A of the Thiepval Memorial in Somme, France - one of 73,367 men listed on the memorial who have no known grave.

Police Constable 53.