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| Name | Randolph |
| Alt names | Randolph | source: Getty Vocabulary Program |
| Type | County |
| Coordinates | 38.067°N 89.85°W |
| Located in | Illinois, United States (1795 - ) |
| See also | Alexander, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Clark, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Crawford, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Edwards, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Franklin, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Gallatin, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Jackson, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Jefferson, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Johnson, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Monroe, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Perry, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Pope, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Union, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Washington, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | Wayne, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) | | White, Illinois, United States | Child county (source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990) |
- source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
- source: Family History Library Catalog
- the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia
Randolph County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 30,163. Its county seat is Chester.
Owing to its role in the state's history, the county motto is "Where Illinois Began." It contains the historically important village of Kaskaskia, Illinois's first capital.
The county is part of Southern Illinois in the southern portion of the state known locally as "Little Egypt", and includes fertile river flats, part of the American Bottom; it is near the Greater St. Louis area.
History
- the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia
Randolph County was organized in 1795 out of a part of St. Clair County. It was named in honor of Edmund Randolph, Governor of Virginia. George Rogers Clark of the army of Virginia captured the area from the British on July 4, 1778, near the end of the Revolutionary War. The area then became the seat, for several years, of Illinois County, Virginia, although the Congress of the Confederation legislated the existence of the Northwest Territory on July 13, 1787. Edmund Randolph was Governor of Virginia at the time Virginia ceded the Northwest Territory to the United States. In 1809, when Illinois became a separate territory, Territorial Secretary Nathaniel Pope, in his capacity as acting governor, issued a proclamation establishing Randolph as one of the Illinois' two original counties. The county's boundaries were last changed in 1827, when land was taken to form Perry County.
The Mississippi River has played a prominent role in the county's history, altering its boundaries in 1881 when it severed the isthmus that connected Kaskaskia to the Illinois mainland, destroying the original village of Kaskaskia and forcing its historic cemetery to be relocated across the river to Fort Kaskaskia. Crains Island [1], southeast of Chester, is another enclave of Illinois west of the Mississippi that was created by a change in the river's course.
File:Randolph County Illinois 1809.png
Randolph County as it was re-established in 1809. This diagonal border line had been drawn by the Indiana Territorial government in 1803. |
File:Randolph County Illinois 1812.png
Randolph County between 1812 and 1813 |
File:Randolph County Illinois 1813.png
Randolph County between 1813 and 1816 |
File:Randolph County Illinois 1816.png
Randolph County between 1816 and 1827 |
File:Randolph County Illinois 1827.png
Randolph County in 1827, reduced to its current borders |
Timeline
| Date | Event | Source
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| 1722 | Court records recorded | Source:Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources
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| 1722 | Probate records recorded | Source:Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources
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| 1724 | Land records recorded | Source:Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources
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| 1724 | Marriage records recorded | Source:Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources
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| 1795 | County formed | Source:Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources
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| 1810 | First census | Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990
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| 1830 | No significant boundary changes after this year | Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990
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| 1877 | Birth records recorded | Source:Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources
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Population History
- source: Source:Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790-1990
| Census Year | Population
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| 1800 | 1,103
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| 1810 | 7,275
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| 1820 | 3,492
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| 1830 | 4,429
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| 1840 | 7,944
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| 1850 | 11,079
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| 1860 | 17,205
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| 1870 | 20,859
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| 1880 | 25,690
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| 1890 | 25,049
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| 1900 | 28,001
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| 1910 | 29,120
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| 1920 | 29,109
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| 1930 | 29,313
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| 1940 | 33,608
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| 1950 | 31,673
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| 1960 | 29,988
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| 1970 | 31,379
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| 1980 | 35,652
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| 1990 | 34,583
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Note: Total for 1800 comprises the populations reported for Randolph and St. Clair Counties, Indiana Territory, plus the population (100) of Opee (Peoria), included with St. Clair County. Total for 1890 includes 1 Indian in prison, not reported by county.
Cemeteries
Cemeteries of Randolph County, Illinois, United States
Research Tips
- Outstanding guide to Randolph County family history and genealogy resources (FamilySearch Research Wiki). Birth, marriage, and death records, censuses, wills, deeds, county histories, cemeteries, churches, naturalizations, newspapers, libraries, and genealogical societies.
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