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Fuling District is a district in central Chongqing, China. The area is known for zha cai, a hot pickled mustard tuber, as well as serving as the location of former U.S. Peace Corps teacher Peter Hessler's best-selling memoir . The district spans an area of , and has a population of 1,115,016, per the 2020 Chinese Census. The district's area spans from latitude 29°21' to 30°01' north, and longitude 106°56' to 107°43' east.[1] [edit] History
According to the district's government, the area comprising contemporary Fuling District has been inhabited since approximately 3000 BCE. During the Spring and Autumn period, the area was inhabited by the .[2] From the middle and late part of Spring and Autumn period, through to the middle of the Warring States period, the area belonged to the State of Ba.[2] The area was at some point the site of one of the Ba's capitals, and a Ba king is buried within the area.[2] During the middle and latter part of the Warring States period, the area belonged to the State of Chu.[2] Following the State of Chu, the area was incorporated into the Qin dynasty as the .[2] The area reorganized in 227 BCE, under the rule of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, as .[2] During the Eastern Han, Zhi County was merged into .[2] In the Three Kingdoms period, the area was ruled by the Shu Han, and organized as Hanping County.[2] Hanping County was subordinate to the , whose capital was located in present-day in the nearby Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County, to the southeast of Fuling District.[2] In 347 CE, under the Eastern Jin, the area was again reorganized as Fu Commandery, which was also known as Zhicheng Commandery.[2] The area's administrative divisions were reorganized dramatically during the Northern and Southern dynasties.[2] The Sui dynasty would reorganize the area into three counties: Fuling County, which belonged to the Ba Commandery, Fengdu County, which belonged to the , and Dianjiang County, which belonged to the .[2] In 618 CE, during the Tang dynasty, the area was reorganized as , which governed , Fuling County, and .[2] Under the Northern Song, Longhua County was changed to .[2] During the Southern Song, Fu Zhou was reestablished to govern the area, and administered Fuling County and Wulong County.[2] Fu Zhou remained intact during the Yuan dynasty and the Ming dynasty, and governed Wulong County.[2] Fu Zhou would continue intact during the Qing dynasty, but was not divided into counties.[2] During this time, Fu Zhou was under the jurisdiction of . In 1913, shortly after the establishment of the Republic of China, Fu Zhou was reorganized as Fuling County.[2] Fuling County initially fell under the jurisdiction of , then directly under the jurisdiction of Sichuan , and finally under the Eight Administrative Inspectorate of Sichuan.[2] Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the area saw administrative reforms in early 1950.[2] Fuling County was reorganized as , under the jurisdiction of .[2] Fuling Area governed seven counties: Fuling, Nanchuan, Fengdu, Shizhu, Wulong, Changshou and Pengshui.[2] In 1952, was merged into Fuling Area, adding the counties of Dianjiang, Qianjiang, Youyang, and Xiushan.[2] Changshou County was absorbed into Chongqing, which then had a prefecture-level status instead of its present provincial-level status, in 1958.[2] Fuling Area was replaced by in 1968.[2] Fuling County became a county-level city in 1983.[2] The prefecture became a Three Gorges provincial planning region the following year. In 1988, Qianjiang, Youyang, Xiushan, Pengshui, and Shizhu counties were transferred to the jurisdiction of the newly-organized .[2] Nanchuan County was re-designated as a county-level city in 1994.[2] On November 5, 1995, the State Council passed legislation to abolish the county-level city of Fuling and replace it with two districts: Zhicheng District and Lidu District.[2] This change would come into effect in January 1996.[2] In March 1996, Fuling Prefecture was re-designated as a prefecture-level city, which governed Zhicheng District, Lidu District, Nanchuan City, Dianjiang County, Fengdu County and Wulong County.[2] On September 15, 1996, legislature passed by the State Council placed the prefecture-level city of Fuling under the administration of Chongqing.[2] On March 14, 1997, the National People's Congress changed Chongqing to become a direct-administered municipality.[2] This was followed by legislation by the State Council on December 20, 1997 which abolished abolished Fuling's prefecture-level status, revoking Zhicheng District and Lidu District, and placing Nanchuan City, Wulong County, Fengdu County, and Dianjiang County all under the direct jurisdiction of Chongqing.[2] The now-defunct Zhicheng District and Lidu District became contemporary Fuling District. [edit] Research Tips
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