Place:South Australia, Australia

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NameSouth Australia
Alt namesSAsource: abbreviation
TypeState
Coordinates30°S 135°E
Located inAustralia     (1901 - )
Contained Places
Cemetery
West Terrace Cemetery
County
Daly
York
District council
Barossa
Franklin Harbour
Onkaparinga
Orroroo
Tatiara
Ghost town
Cook
Farina
Hartley
Hamlet
Black Rock
Ebenezer
Light Pass
Marananga
Hundred
Howe
Hundred of English ( 1866 - )
Mannanarie
Talunga
Yatala
Inhabited place
Abminga
Adelaide ( 1836 - )
Agery
Alberga
Alford
American River
Andamooka
Angaston
Anna Creek
Arckaringa
Ardrossan
Arkaroola
Arno Bay
Arthurton
Ashbourne ( 1865 - )
Auburn
Australia Plains
Avon
Balaklava
Balcanoona
Balhannah
Baratta
Barmera
Barton
Beachport
Beltana
Benagerie
Beresford
Berri
Bethany
Bimbowrie
Birdwood
Blackwood
Blakiston
Blinman
Bloods Creek
Blyth
Bolivar
Bon Bon
Bookabie
Bookaloo
Booleroo Centre
Boorthanna
Bopeechee
Bordertown
Bowmans
Brighton
Brinkley
Brinkworth
Buckleboo
Bultawilta
Burnside
Burra
Bute
Callanna
Callington
Caloote
Cambrai
Campbelltown
Cape Jervis
Carrieton
Ceduna
Charleston
City of Playford
City of Port Adelaide Enfield
City of Port Augusta
City of Tea Tree Gully
Clare
Clarendon
Cleve
Clifton Hills
Colona
Colton
Coober Pedy
Coonalypyn
Coonawarra
Coondambo
Coorabie
Copley
Cordillo Downs
Corny Point
Coulta
Coward Springs
Cowarie
Cowell
Cradock
Crafers
Crafers-Bridgewater
Crystal Brook
Cudlee Creek
Cummins
Cunliffe
Cunningham
Curnamona
Curramulka
Currency Creek
Cygnet River
Darke Peak
Delamere
Denial Bay
Dorrien
Dowlingville
Dublin
Dulkaninna
Echunga
Eden Valley
Edeowie
Edithburgh
Edwards Creek
Elizabeth
Elliston
Emu Downs
Ernaballa Mission
Ernabella
Erudina
Etadunna
Eudunda
Farrell Flat
Finniss
Fisher
Fowlers Bay
Frome Downs
Gawler
Georgetown
Gladstone
Glencoe
Glenelg
Glossop
Gomersal ( 1918 - 2012 )
Goolwa
Grange
Granite Downs
Greenock
Gumeracha
Haddon Downs
Hahndorf
Halbury
Hamley Bridge
Hampden
Hawker
Henley Beach
Hesso
Hill River
Hindmarsh Valley
Hookina
Hope Valley
Hoyleton
Hughes
Ilbunga
Immarna
Inman Valley
Innamincka
Iron Baron
Iron Knob
Jamestown
Kadina
Kalka
Kangarilla
Kangaroo Flat
Kapunda
Karoonda
Keith
Kersbrook
Keyneton
Kimba
Kingoonya
Kingscote
Kingston SE
Kingston Southeast
Kingston-On-Murray
Koolywurtie
Koonibba
Kulpara
Kyancutta
Lameroo
Langhorne Creek
Langmeil
Laura
Leigh Creek
Lenswood
Lincoln Gap
Linwood
Littlehampton
Lobethal
Lochiel
Lock
Long Plains
Loxton
Lucindale
Lyndhurst
Lyndoch
Mabel Creek
Macclesfield
Maitland
Malbooma
Mallala
Malpas
Mannahill
Mannum
Manoora
Marble Hill
Marion
Marrabel
Marree
McDouall Peak
Meadows
Melrose
Melton
Meningie
Meribah
Milang
Millicent
Mingary
Minlaton
Minnipa
Mintaro
Mitcham
Moana
Monarto South
Monarto
Monash
Moolawatana
Moonta
Morgan
Morphett Vale
Mortana
Mount Barker
Mount Bryan
Mount Compass
Mount Crawford
Mount Dutton
Mount Eba
Mount Gambier
Mount Hope
Mount Pleasant
Mount Rebecca
Mount Sarah
Mount Torrens
Mount Wedge
Mount Willoughby
Mt Barker
Mulgathing
Mungeranie
Murray Bridge
Mylor
Myponga
Nairne
Nantawarra
Naracoorte
Neales Flat
Newtown
Noarlunga
Nonning
Normanville
North Yelta
Nullarbor
Nunjikompita
Nurioopta
Nuriootpa
Oakbank
Oaklands
Olary
Olympic Dam
One Tree Hill
Oodnadatta
Ooldea
Outer Harbour
Owen
Pallamana
Palmer
Parachilna
Parafield
Paratoo
Parilla
Paskeville
Pedirka
Peebinga
Penneshaw
Penola
Penong
Penwortham
Peterborough
Pimba
Pine Point
Pinnaroo
Point McLeay
Point Pass
Poochera
Pooraka
Port Augusta
Port Broughton
Port Clinton
Port Elliot
Port Germein
Port Hughes
Port Kenny
Port Lincoln
Port MacDonnell
Port Neill
Port Noarlunga
Port Pirie
Port Victoria
Port Vincent
Port Wakefield
Price
Prospect Hill
Prospect
Pyap
Quorn
Ramco
Rapid Bay
Renmark
Reynella
Riverton
Robe
Robertstown
Rosedale
Roseworthy
Rowland Flat
Roxby Downs
Rudall
Rupari
Saddleworth
Saint Kilda
Salem
Salisbury
Sanderston
Sandilands
Sceale Bay
Schoenborn ( 1849 - 1918 )
Second Valley
Sedan
Sevenhill
Sheringa
Siegersdorf
Smithfield
Smoky Bay
Snowtown
Spalding
Springton
Stansbury
Steinfield
Stirling
Stockport
Stockwell
Strathalbyn
Streaky Bay
Sturdee
Summertown
Sundown
Sutherlands
Tailem Bend
Talia
Tantanoola
Tanunda
Tarcoola
Tarlee
Tarnma
Templers
Tepko
Terowie
Thevenard
Tickera
Tilcha
Tintinara
Todmorden
Truro
Tumby Bay
Tungkillo
Two Wells
Undalya
Unley
Uraidla
Urania
Vale Park
Verdun
Verran
Victor Harbor
Victor Harbour
Virginia
Waikerie
Waitpinga
Wallaroo Mines
Wallaroo
Walloway
Wanbi
Wandana
Wangary
Warrina
Waterloo
Watervale
Watson
Waukaringa
Welbourn Hill
Wellington
West Torrens
Whyalla
Wilgena
Willaston
William Creek
Williamstown
Willunga
Wilmington
Wilson
Windsor
Wintinna
Wirraminna
Wirrulla
Woocalla
Woodchester
Woods
Woodside
Woodville
Wool Bay
Woomera
Wudinna
Wynbring
Yalatta
Yaninee
Yankalilla
Yardea
Yatina
Yeelanna
Yinkanie
Yongala
Yorketown
Yunta
Locality
Dalkey
Gnadenfrei
Halletts Valley
Keilli
Kunden
Little Plains
Mount Schank
Narridy ( 1871 - )
Peters Hill
Schreiberhau
Warrow
Region
Barossa Valley
Padthaway
Rural district
Wonna
Settlement
Bethel
Cockatoo Valley
Coomandook
Krondorf
Loveday
Moculta
Mundoora
Seppeltsfield
St Kitts
Steelton
Suburb
Alberton
Aldinga
Ashford
Birkenhead
Brompton
Brooklyn Park
Cheltenham
Christies Beach
Clarence Park
Clearview
Colonel Light Gardens
Daw Park
Eastwood
Edwardstown
Elizabeth Vale
Enfield
Erindale
Ethelton
Exeter
Flagstaff Hill
Fullarton
Gawler River
Gawler South
Glandore
Glanville
Glenburnie
Glynde
Goodwood ( 1831 - )
Hackney
Happy Valley
Hilton
Hyde Park
Joslin
Kensington
Kent Town
Keswick
Kilburn
Kilkenny
King's Park
Largs Bay
Lockleys
Magill
Malvern
Marleston
Marryatville
Maylands
Medindie Gardens
Mile End
Mitchell Park
Modbury
Myrtle Bank
North Adelaide
North Brighton
North Kensington
Norwood
O'Halloran Hill
Panorama
Pasadena
Payneham
Peterhead
Plympton
Port Adelaide
Queenstown
Richmond
Rosewater
Royal Park
Royston Park
Semaphore
Solomontown
South Brighton
St Marys
Stepney
Sturt
Taperoo
Thebarton
Toorak Gardens
Torrens Park
Torrensville
Tranmere
Tusmore
Unley Park
Wayville
Township
Hamilton
McLaren Vale
Unknown
Adelaide Hills
Avenue Range
Bangor
Baroota
Basket Range
Belair
Belalie
Bendleby
Bowden
Broughton
Bungaree
Butler
Charlton
Clinton
Cockburn
Collingrove
Cooper Creek
Copperhouse
Coromandel Valley
Cungena
Darlington
Daveyston
Dudley Park
Dutton
Eden Hills
Eurelia
Eyre Peninsula
Forreston
Freeling
Frome
Glen Osmond
Golden Grove
Hallett
Hawthorn
Highercombe
Hindmarsh Island
Hindmarsh
Islington
Kangaroo Island
Kanmantoo
Kapinnie
Kingston S.E.
Koolunga
Marden
Maree
Middleton
Monteith
Moonta Mines
Mount Drummond
Mount Mary
Mount Remarkable
Murdinga
Murray-Town
Nailsworth
Narrung
New Tiers
Ninnes
North Shields
Northfield
Paddys Plain
Para Hills
Parkside
Petersburg
Pewsey Vale
Point Pearce
Poonindie
Redruth
Sandleton
Seacliff
St. Peters
Stanley
Stirling East
Stirling North
Tea Tree Gulley
Uley
Walkerville
Wandearah West
Warrachie
Wasleys
Winulta
Wirrabara
Woakwine Range
Woodforde
Yahl
Yorke Peninsula
source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
source: Family History Library Catalog


the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia

South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, and second smallest state by population. It has a total of 1.8 million people,[1] and its population is the second most highly centralised in Australia, after Western Australia, with more than 77 percent of South Australians living in the capital, Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second-largest centre, has a population of 28,684.

South Australia shares borders with all of the other mainland states, as well as the Northern Territory; it is bordered to the west by Western Australia, to the north by the Northern Territory, to the north-east by Queensland, to the east by New South Wales, to the south-east by Victoria, and to the south by the Great Australian Bight. The state comprises less than 8 percent of the Australian population and ranks fifth in population among the six states and two territories. The majority of its people reside in greater Metropolitan Adelaide. Most of the remainder are settled in fertile areas along the south-eastern coast and River Murray. The state's colonial origins are unique in Australia as a freely settled, planned British province, rather than as a convict settlement. Colonial government commenced on 28 December 1836, when the members of the council were sworn in near the Old Gum Tree.

As with the rest of the continent, the region has a long history of human occupation by numerous tribes and languages. The South Australian Company established a temporary settlement at Kingscote, Kangaroo Island, on 26 July 1836, five months before Adelaide was founded. The guiding principle behind settlement was that of systematic colonisation, a theory espoused by Edward Gibbon Wakefield that was later employed by the New Zealand Company. The goal was to establish the province as a centre of civilisation for free immigrants, promising civil liberties and religious tolerance. Although its history is marked by economic hardship, South Australia has remained politically innovative and culturally vibrant. Today, it is known for its fine wine and numerous cultural festivals. The state's economy is dominated by the agricultural, manufacturing and mining industries.

History

the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia

Evidence of human activity in South Australia dates back as far as 20,000 years, with flint mining activity and rock art in the Koonalda Cave on the Nullarbor Plain. In addition wooden spears and tools were made in an area now covered in peat bog in the South East. Kangaroo Island was inhabited long before the island was cut off by rising sea levels. According to mitochondrial DNA research, Aboriginal people reached Eyre Peninsula 49,000-45,000 years ago from both the east (clockwise, along the coast, from northern Australia) and the west (anti-clockwise).

The first recorded European sighting of the South Australian coast was in 1627 when the Dutch ship the Gulden Zeepaert, captained by François Thijssen, examined and mapped a section of the coastline as far east as the Nuyts Archipelago. Thijssen named the whole of the country eastward of the Leeuwin "Nuyts Land", after a distinguished passenger on board; the Hon. Pieter Nuyts, one of the Councillors of India.

The coastline of South Australia was first mapped by Matthew Flinders and Nicolas Baudin in 1802, excepting the inlet later named the Port Adelaide River which was first discovered in 1831 by Captain Collet Barker and later accurately charted in 1836–37 by Colonel William Light, leader of the South Australian Colonization Commissioners' 'First Expedition' and first Surveyor-General of South Australia.

The land which now forms the state of South Australia was claimed for Britain in 1788 as part of the colony of New South Wales. Although the new colony included almost two-thirds of the continent, early settlements were all on the eastern coast and only a few intrepid explorers ventured this far west. It took more than forty years before any serious proposal to establish settlements in the south-western portion of New South Wales were put forward.

On 15 August 1834, the British Parliament passed the South Australia Act 1834 (Foundation Act), which empowered His Majesty to erect and establish a province or provinces in southern Australia. The act stated that the land between 132° and 141° east longitude and from 26° south latitude to the southern ocean would be allotted to the colony, and it would be convict-free.


In contrast to the rest of Australia, terra nullius did not apply to the new province. The Letters Patent, which used the enabling provisions of the South Australia Act 1834 to fix the boundaries of the Province of South Australia, provided that "nothing in those our Letters Patent shall affect or be construed to affect the rights of any Aboriginal Natives of the said Province to the actual occupation and enjoyment in their own Persons or in the Persons of their Descendants of any Lands therein now actually occupied or enjoyed by such Natives."[2] Although the patent guaranteed land rights under force of law for the indigenous inhabitants, it was ignored by the South Australian Company authorities and squatters. Despite strong reference to the rights of the native population in the initial proclamation by the Governor, there were many conflicts and deaths in the Australian Frontier Wars in South Australia.


Survey was required before settlement of the province, and the Colonization Commissioners for South Australia appointed William Light as the leader of its 'First Expedition', tasked with examining 1500 miles of the South Australian coastline and selecting the best site for the capital, and with then planning and surveying the site of the city into one-acre Town Sections and its surrounds into 134-acre Country Sections.

Eager to commence the establishment of their whale and seal fisheries, the South Australian Company sought, and obtained, the Commissioners' permission to send Company ships to South Australia, in advance of the surveys and ahead of the Commissioners' colonists.

The company's settlement of seven vessels and 636 people was temporarily made at Kingscote on Kangaroo Island, until the official site of the capital was selected by William Light, where the City of Adelaide is currently located. The first immigrants arrived at Holdfast Bay (near the present day Glenelg) in November 1836.

The commencement of colonial government was proclaimed on 28 December 1836, now known as Proclamation Day.

South Australia is the only Australian state to have never received British convicts. Another free settlement, Swan River colony was established in 1829 but Western Australia later sought convict labour, and in 1849 Western Australia was formally constituted as a penal colony. Although South Australia was constituted such that convicts could never be transported to the Province, some emancipated or escaped convicts or expirees made their own way there, both prior to 1836, or later, and may have constituted 1–2% of the early population.

The plan for the province was that it would be an experiment in reform, addressing the problems perceived in British society. There was to be religious freedom and no established religion. Sales of land to colonists created an Emigration Fund to pay the costs of transferring a poor young labouring population to South Australia. In early 1838 the colonists became concerned after it was reported that convicts who had escaped from the eastern states may make their way to South Australia. The South Australia Police was formed in April 1838 to protect the community and enforce government regulations. Their principal role was to run the first temporary gaol, a two-room hut.

The current flag of South Australia was adopted on 13 January 1904, and is a British blue ensign defaced with the state badge. The badge is described as a piping shrike with wings outstretched on a yellow disc. The state badge is believed to have been designed by Robert Craig of Adelaide's School of Design.

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This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at South Australia. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.