Place:Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

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Nakhon Pathom (, (Pronunciation)) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Suphan Buri, Ayutthaya, Nonthaburi, Bangkok, Samut Sakhon, Ratchaburi, and Kanchanaburi. The capital city of Nakhon Pathom province is Nakhon Pathom.

Nakhon Pathom province is home to the Phra Pathommachedi, a chedi commissioned by King Mongkut (Rama IV) and completed by King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) in 1870. The chedi is a reminder of the long vanished Dvaravati civilization that once flourished here and by tradition Nakhon Pathom is where Buddhism first came to Thailand. The province itself is known for its many fruit orchards.

History

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Prehistoric

Archaeological evidence that may have existed in prehistoric times has been found such as a polished stone ax, stone profit piece, remnants of bronze vessels that look like bowls and fragments of human bones at the archaeological site, Nai Jiw Boon Raksa at Ban Yang Subdistrict, Mueang Nakhon Pathom District.

Kasetsart University archaeological site number 1 found ancient human skulls, stone beads and a number of bronze gains. It shows that the site was the site of a prehistoric human burial ground at the end of the Iron Age, about 2,000 years ago.

Dvaravati period

The ancient city of Nakhon Pathom began to have a settlement for at least around the 8th to 11th centuries, with great prosperity during the 13th-14th centuries and deteriorated in the 17th century.

The location of the ancient city of Nakhon Pathom around the 11th-16th centuries is located on the coast. It is a town located in the west bank of the Chao Phraya River. From archaeological evidence, a large boat anchor was found at Dharamshala Temple. In addition, there are also names of villages in the city of Nakhon Pathom that represent areas that used to be on the sea, such as Laem Bua, Laem Krachao, Cape Mai, Laem Cha-ui, or Ban Ao. The important ancient city of Nakhon Pathom during the Dvaravati period was Nakhon Chaisi town or called Nakhon Chai Lin or the city of Phra Prathon. The city is located about 2 kilometers east of Phra Pathom Chedi and is centered on Phra Prathon Chedi. There is another ancient city, the city of Kamphaeng Saen. It is located 20 kilometers northwest of Nakhon Pathom, which has discovered ancient evidence from both cities.

Sukhothai period

In the Sukhothai period, the name of Nakhon Pathom is still unknown. The ancient city of Nakhon Pathom in the Sukhothai period was under the rule of Sukhothai. The ancient city of Nakhon Pathom was called “Nakhon Phra Krit”.

Ayutthaya period

During the reign of Maha Chakkraphat the Burmese army attacked the Ayutthaya several times. Maha Chakkraphat combined the 3 cities into a new city and named it after the ancient city that was called “Nakhon Chaisri City”. It was a city set up to prepare to mobilize troops for battle and control the troops from fleeing. It was also a city with a commercial district for receiving products from outside to sell. The new Nakhon Chaisri is a small town about 10 kilometers east of the old Nakhon Chaisri town.

Rattanakosin period

During the reign of King Rama V, he changed the provincial government, by combining the districts into a group called "Monthon" depending on the Ministry of Interior. Monthon Nakhon Chaisri was established in 1895, consisting of the city of Nakhon Chaisi, Suphanburi and Samut Sakhon and began construction of the southern railway line through Nakhon Pathom, which at that time was still an overgrown forest.

During the reign of King Rama VI, he created Sanam Chandra Palace. By constructing more roads, including building bridge across Khlong Chedi Bucha, and changed it name from the city "Nakhon Chaisi" to "Nakhon Pathom" in 1916.

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