Person:Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma (1)
Marie Louise _____, Duchess of Parma
b.12 Dec 1791
d.17 Dec 1847
Parents and Siblings
(edit)
  1. Marie Louise _____, Duchess of Parma1791 - 1847
  2. Ferdinand I of Austria _____1793 - 1875
  3. Marie Caroline of Austria1794 - 1795
  4. Caroline Ludovika of Austria1795 - 1799
  5. Maria Leopoldina of Austria1797 - 1826
  6. Archduchess Clementina _____, Princess of Salerno1798 - 1881
  7. Joseph Franz of Austria1799 - 1807
  8. Archduchess Marie Caroline of Austria1801 - 1832
  9. Archduke Franz Karl of Austria1802 - 1878
  10. Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria1804 - 1858
  11. Archduke Johann Nepomuk of Austria1805 - 1809
  12. Amalie Theresa of Austria1807 - 1807
Spouse and Children
(edit)
  1. Napoleon II of France1811 - 1832
Add another spouse & children
Facts and Events
Name Marie Louise _____, Duchess of Parma
Gender Female
Birth[1] 12 Dec 1791
Marriage to Napoleon I of France
Death[1] 17 Dec 1847
Reference Number? Q157491?


the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia

Marie Louise I (German: Maria Ludovica Leopoldina Franziska Therese Josepha Lucia; Italian: Maria Luigia Leopoldina Francesca Teresa Giuseppa Lucia; 12 December 1791 – 17 December 1847) was an Austrian archduchess who reigned as Duchess of Parma from 11 April 1814 until her death. She was Napoleon's second wife and as such Empress of the French and Queen of Italy from their marriage on 1 April 1810 until his abdication on 6 April 1814.

As the eldest child of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Emperor of Austria, and his second wife, Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily, Marie Louise grew up during a period of continuous conflict between Austria and revolutionary France. A series of military defeats at the hands of Napoleon Bonaparte had inflicted a heavy human toll on Austria and led Francis to dissolve the Holy Roman Empire. The end of the War of the Fifth Coalition resulted in the marriage of Napoleon and Marie Louise in 1810, which ushered in a brief period of peace and friendship between Austria and the French Empire. Marie Louise agreed to the marriage despite being raised to despise France. She was adored by Napoleon, who had been eager to marry a member of one of Europe's leading royal houses to cement his relatively young Empire. With Napoleon, she bore a son, styled the King of Rome at birth, later Duke of Reichstadt, who briefly succeeded him as Napoleon II.

Napoleon's fortunes changed dramatically in 1812 after his failed invasion of Russia. The European powers, including Austria, resumed hostilities towards France in the War of the Sixth Coalition, which ended with the abdication of Napoleon and his exile to Elba. The 1814 Treaty of Fontainebleau gave the Duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla to Marie Louise, who ruled the duchies until her death.

Marie Louise married morganatically twice after Napoleon's death in 1821. Her second husband was Count Adam Albert von Neipperg (married 1821), an equerry she met in 1814. She and Neipperg had three children. After Neipperg's death in 1829, she married Count Charles-René de Bombelles, her chamberlain, in 1834. Marie Louise died in Parma in 1847.

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References
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.
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