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Jérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte (15 November 1784 – 24 June 1860) was the youngest brother of Napoleon I and King of Westphalia between 1807 and 1813. After 1848, when his nephew, Louis Napoleon, became President of the French Republic, he served in several official roles, being created 1st Prince of Montfort. Jerome Bonaparte was the youngest son of Carlo Buonoparte, born in Ajaccio, Corsica. He served with the French navy in the West Indies in 1803; he escaped capture by the British by fleeing to the U.S. There he married Elizabeth Patterson (1785-1879) but his brother Napoleon I refused to recognize the marriage and had it annulled. A grandson from this union was the American public official, Charles Joseph Bonaparte. In 1807 Napoleon I created the kingdom of Westphalia and made Jerome its king. Six years later when the power of Napoleon was declining, Jerome went into exile. He returned to command a division in support of his brother at Waterloo in 1815. After the final defeat of Napoleon I, Jerome moved about Europe, living most of the time in Florence, Italy. In 1848, Charles Louis Napoleon, Jerome's nephew, became president of France, and Jerome was created a marshal of France. He served as president of the senate during the presidency of his nephew, which lasted until 1852. The second marriage of Jerome arranged by his brother Napoleon I in 1807, was to Princess Catherine of Wurttemburg (1783-1835). Their son, Napoleon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte, was known as Prince Bonaparte.[2] His titles include Contre-amiral (1806), Prince of France (1806), Division General (1807), King of Westphalia (1807-1813), Prince de Montfort (1816), reinstated Division General (1848), Governor of Les Invalides (1848), Marshal of France (1850), Senator (1852), President of the Senate (1852), Prince of France (1852), Honorary governor of Les Invalides (1852).
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