From Cumberland gap National Historical Park Website
The following species are currently found in and near Cumberland Gap National Historical Park. Most of these species would have been present during the settlement period. The obvious exception to this is the being the coyote, a recent emigrant filling the niche once filled by the wolf, a locally extirpated species. What does not appear on this list, notable by their absence, are the species which have been lost from the fauna, the wolf and the buffaloe being the most obvious examples.
Order | Family | Genus-Species | Common Name | Counties
| Artiodactyla | Cervidae | Odocoileus virginianus | White-tailed Deer | NPS | B | H | L | C
| Carnivora | Canidae | Canis latrans | Coyote | | B | | L | C
| | | Urocyon cinereoargenteus | Common Gray Fox | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Vulpes vulpes | Red Fox | | | | L | C
| | Felidae | Lynx rufus | Bobcat | NPS | | | L | C
| | Mephitidae | Mephitis mephitis | Striped Skunk | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Spilogale putorius | Eastern Spotted Skunk | NPS | B | | L | C
| | Mustelidae | Lontra canadensis | Northern River Otter | | | | L | C
| | | Mustela frenata | Long-tailed Weasel | | | | L | C
| | | Mustela nivalis | Least Weasel | | | | L | C
| | | Mustela vison | American Mink | | | | L | C
| | Procyonidae | Procyon lotor | Northern Raccoon | NPS | | | L | C
| | Ursidae | Ursus americanus | American Black Bear | NPS | B | H | L |
| Chiroptera | Vespertilionidae | Corynorhinus rafinesquii | Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat | | | H | L | C
| | | Eptesicus fuscus | Big Brown Bat | NPS | | H | L | C
| | | Lasionycteris noctivagans | Silver-haired Bat | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Lasiurus borealis | Red Bat | NPS | | H | L | C
| | | Lasiurus cinereus | Hoary Bat | | | | L | C
| | | Myotis grisescens | Gray Myotis | | | | L | C
| | | Myotis leibii | Eastern Small-footed Myotis | NPS | | | | C
| | | Myotis lucifugus | Little Brown Bat | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Myotis septentrionalis | Northern Long-eared Myotis | | | | L | C
| | | Myotis sodalis | Indiana Bat | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Nycticeius humeralis | Evening Bat | | | | | C
| | | Pipistrellus subflavus | Eastern Pipistrelle | | B | H | | C
| Didelphimorphia | Didelphidae | Didelphis virginiana | Virginia Opossum | NPS | | | L | C
| Insectivora | Soricidae | Blarina brevicauda | Northern Short-tailed Shrew | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Cryptotis parva | Least Shrew | | B | | L | C
| | | Sorex cinereus | Cinereus Shrew | | B | H | L | C
| | | Sorex dispar | Long-tailed Shrew | | | H | | C
| | | Sorex fumeus | Smoky Shrew | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Sorex hoyi | Pygmy Shrew | | B | H | L | C
| | | Sorex longirostris | Southeastern Shrew | | | | L | C
| | | Talpidae | | | | | |
| | | Parascalops breweri | Hairy-tailed Mole | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Scalopus aquaticus | Eastern Mole | NPS | | | L | C
| Lagomorpha | Leporidae | Sylvilagus floridanus | Eastern Cottontail | NPS | B | | L |
| | | Sylvilagus obscurus | Appalachian Cottontail | | | H | | C
| Rodentia | Castoridae | Castor canadensis | American Beaver | | | | L | C
| | Dipodidae | Napaeozapus insignis | Woodland Jumping Mouse | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Zapus hudsonius | Meadow Jumping Mouse | | B | | L | C
| | Muridae | Clethrionomys gapperi | Southern Red-backed Vole | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Microtus pennsylvanicus | Meadow Vole | | | | | C
| | | Microtus pinetorum | Woodland Vole | NPS | | H | L | C
| | | Neotoma magister | Allegheny Woodrat | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Ochrotomys nuttalli | Golden Mouse | | | | L | C
| | | Ondatra zibethicus | Muskrat | | | | L | C
| | | Oryzomys palustris | Marsh Rice Rat | | | | | C
| | | Peromyscus leucopus | White-footed Mouse | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Peromyscus maniculatus | Deer Mouse | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Reithrodontomys humulis | Eastern Harvest Mouse | | | | | C
| | | Sigmodon hispidus | Hispid Cotton Rat | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Synaptomys cooperi | Southern Bog Lemming | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | Sciuridae | Glaucomys volans | Southern Flying Squirrel | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Marmota monax | Woodchuck | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Sciurus carolinensis | Eastern Gray Squirrel | NPS | B | H | L | C
| | | Sciurus niger | Eastern Fox Squirrel | | | | L | C
| | | Tamias striatus | Eastern Chipmunk | NPS | | | L | C
| | | Tamiasciurus hudsonicus | Red Squirrel | | | | L |
|
|