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Overview
During the French & Indian War (1754-1763), many settlers in Virginia lost their lives in Indian attacks that took place across several areas of what was then Augusta County, Virginia. In addition to the Greenbrier and Kerr's Creek's Massacres, the Pontiac and Shawnee Indians, spurred on by the French, attacked settlers, primarily in outlying areas. Some detailed accounts of the families involved in these attacks have survived until today. Another list, know as the The Preston Register, mirrors much of this list and contains many of the same persons listed below.
Killed or Captured in 1754-1758
From [Source:Chalkley's Chronicles]':
- A Register of the persons who have been either killed, wounded or taken prisoner by the enemy in Augusta County, as also of such as have made their escape.
- 1754--Robert Foyles, his wife and 5 children, at Monongalia, killed. October, Stephen Lyon, at Holston's River, killed; John Goldman, at Holston's River, killed; Benjamin Harrison, at Holston's River, killed; _____ Burk, at Holston's River, prisoner escaped.
- 1755, May 3d.--Mary Baker, at Holston's River, wounded. June 18th, Saml. Stalnacker, at Holston's River, prisoner escaped; Saml. Hydon, at Holston's River, escaped; Adam Stalnaker, at Holston's River, killed; Mrs. Stalnaker, at Holston's River, killed; a servant man, at Holston's River, killed; Mathias Counie, at Holston's River, killed. June 19th, Muheal Honch (Houck), at Holston's River, killed. July 3d, James McFarland, at North River, killed; John Bingeman, at North River, killed; Mrs. Bingeman, at North River, killed; Adam Bingeman, at North River, killed; John Cook, at North River, killed; Henry Zin, at North River, killed; a young child, at North River, killed; Nathaniel Welshire, at North River, wounded; Dutch Jacob and his wife, at North River, prisoner escaped; Frederick Stern, at North River, wounded; Mrs. Bingeman, Jr., at North River, wounded; Mrs. Davies, at North River, wounded; Isaac Freeland, his wife, and 5 children, at North River, prisoners; Bingeman's son and daughter and a stranger, at North River, wounded. July 12th, Lieut. Wright and 2 soldiers, at Reed Creek, killed. July 30th, Col. James Patton, at North River, killed; Casper Barrier (s/b Barger), at North River, killed; Mrs. Draper (Mrs. George Draper) and one Child (Infant Draper), at North River, killed; James Cull, at North River, wounded; Mrs. English and Her children, at North River, prisoners escaped; Mrs. Draper, Jr., at North River, prisoner escaped; Henry Leonard, at North River, prisoner escaped. August 12th, Morrice Griffith, at Vauses, prisoner escaped; Henry Baughman, at Green Brier, killed; John Couse and his father-in-law, at Green Brier, killed; Walter Fishpough, at Green Brier, killed; George White, at Green Brier, killed; Old Christopher, at Green Brier, killed; Mrs. Consler, at Green Brier, killed; an old man, his wife, and a schoolmaster, at Green Brier, killed. September, John Thomas, at Green Brier, killed; Mrs. Fishpough and 5 children, at Green Brier, prisoners; Consler's daughter and Mrs. Ineny, at Green Brier, killed; Corporal Bennett, at Green Brier, killed; 2 girls called Landsisco, at South Branch, prisoners.
- 1756, February.-- Robt. Looney and a Dutchman, at Reed Creek, killed. March, John Lee, killed; Michael Mates, killed; Patrick Smith, killed; Moses Man, prisoner; Valentine Harman, at North River, killed; Jacob Harmon and one son, at North River, killed; Andrew Moses, at North River, killed. June 25th, Thomas Davies, at Roanoke, prisoner escaped; Capt. John Smith, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner returned; Peter Looney, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner escaped; Wm. Bratton, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner returned; Joseph Smith, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; Wm. Pepper, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; Mrs. Vanscher (Vause) and 2 daughters, a negro, and 2 young Indians and a man servant, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; Ican Medley and 2 daughters, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; James Bell, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; Christopher Hicks at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; _____ Cole, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; _____ Graham, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; Benj. Davies, at Ft. Vanse, prisoner; Lieut. John Smith, at Ft. Vanse, killed; John Tracey, at Ft. Vanse, killed; John English, at Fort Vanse, killed; Mrs. Mary English, at Fort Vanse prisoner; Wm. Robinson, at Fort Vanse, wounded; Tho. Robinson, at Ft. Vanse wounded; Saml. Robinson, at Ft. Vanse, wounded; Robert Pepper, at Fort Vanse, wounded. September 11th-12th, Ensign Madison, at Jackson River, killed. September 13th-14th, Nicholas Carpenter, at Jackson River, killed; _____ Fry, at Jackson River, killed; Steven Sowel, at Jackson River, killed; James Mais (Mayes), at Jackson River, killed; James Montgomery, at Jackson River, killed; Nicholas Nut, at Jackson River, killed; John Bird (Byrd), at Jackson River, killed; George Kinkead (Kincaid), at Jackson River, killed; Mrs. Boyl, at Jackson River, killed; 3 Parsinger children, at Jackson River, killed; Joseph Swobe, at Jackson River, wounded; _____Willson, at Jackson River, wounded (other sources indicate that this was probably John Wilson, who was killed at Jackson River); 5 children belonging to Charles Boyl, at Jackson River, prisoners; David Galloway, at Jackson River, prisoner escaped; Mrs. McConell, at Jackson River, prisoner escaped; Joseph Carpenter, at Jackson River, prisoner escaped; Mrs. Bird and 6 children, at Jackson River, prisoners; Mrs. Kinkead and 3 children, at Jackson River, prisoners; Mrs. Parsinger (Persinger) and 2 children, at Jackson River, prisoners; 5 Carpenter children, at Jackson River, prisoners; Saml. Brown, a boy, at Jackson River, prisoners; _____ Swobe, a boy, at Jackson River, prisoners; John Robinson, at Vonse, killed; John Walker, at Vonse, prisoner.
- 1757 February.--Six children of Jacob Peters, at South Branch, prisoner, 1 escaped. March, Wm. Bradshaw and son, at Craig's Creek, prisoner. May 14th, And. Arnold, at Jackson River, killed; Henry Lawless at Jackson River, killed. May 16th, John Moor, at Cowpasture, killed; Mrs. Moor and 5 children, at Cowpasture, prisoner; George Neese and 2 sons_ at South Branch, prisoner; _____ Shudie, at South Branch, killed; Henry Lawrence, at South Branch, killed; Michael Freeze and wife, at South Branch, killed. July, Mark Tallet, at Jackson River, killed; a servant man, Jackson River, prisoner; James Allen, at Jackson River, wounded; Swobe, at Jackson River, wounded. July 25th, Robert Renick, at Forks of James River, killed; Thomas Moor (Moore), at Forks of James River, killed; Mrs Renick and 7 children, at Forks of James River, prisoners; Mrs. Denis, at Forks of James River, prisoner; John Crawford, Jr., at Craig's Creek, killed; John Alex. Crawford, at Craig's Creek, wounded; Sergeant Henry, at Fort Dinwiddie, killed; James Stuart, at Cowpasture, killed; James Stuart, Jr., at Cowpasture, prisoner; James McClung and 2 children named Cantwell at Cowpasture, prisoner. October, James McFerrin, at Catowba, killed; Wm. McFerrin, at Catowba, prisoner. November, 3 Dutch people, at Brooks Gap, 2 prisoners, 1 killed.
- 1758, January.-- John States, at Brooks Gap, killed; Abm. Merchant, at Brooks Gap, killed; Wm. Ward, a boy, at Ft. Dinwiddie, prisoner; a soldier of Capt. Woodward, at Roanoke; a servant man of Bryans, at Roanoke. March 19th, Wm. Clepole (Claypool), at Brooks, killed; Peter Moser, at South Branch, killed; Nicholas Frank, at South Branch, killed; John Coonrod, at South Branch, killed; John Cunningham, at South Branch, killed; 2 persons, names forgotten, at South Branch, prisoners. March, Geo. Moses, at South Branch, wounded; Adam Harper, at South Branch, wounded; a servant man and maid and one child, at Cowpasture, one killed and two prisoners. March 20th, James Gatlive, at Roanoke, killed; Joseph Love, at Roanoke, killed; Wm. Love, at Roanoke, killed; servant maid and child, at Roanoke, prisoners; _____ Snodgrass, a girl, at Catawba, prisoner. April 24th, John McCreery, Jr., at Cowpasture, prisoner; Wm. McCreery, Jr., at Cowpasture, prisoner; Capt. James Dunlap, at South Branch, killed; Josiah Wilson, at South Branch, killed; John Hutcheson, at South Branch, killed; Thos. Caddon, at South Branch, killed; Henry McCullom, at South Branch, killed; John Wright, at South Branch, killed; Thos. Smith, at South Branch, killed; Ro. McNully, at South Branch, killed; Wm. Elliott, at South Branch, killed; Mrs. Elliott, at South Branch, killed; Ludwick Falck and wife, at South Branch, killed; Adam Little, at South Branch, killed; _____ Brock, at South Branch, killed; John Ramsey, at South Branch, killed; Wm. Burk, at South Branch, killed; _____ Reeney, at South Branch, killed; Wm. Woods, at South Branch, killed; John McCully (prob. McCollum), at South Branch, killed; Thos. Searl, at South Branch, killed; James Gill, at South Branch, killed; John Guy and a stranger, at South Branch, killed. April 28th, Capt. Sybert with 16 persons not known (these persons are believed to be included with those killed at Ft. Seybert, listed below), at South Branch; 24 prisoners at the same place missing, at South Branch, prisoners. May, Moses Moor, at Jackson River, prisoner.
List of Captives Taken by Indians in Augusta and Hampshire County
A related list of captives taken prior to 1764 in Augusta and Hampshire County, Virginia is listed at the following site:
http://www.wvgenweb.org/hardy/tgart3.htm
The Jackson River Massacre of 1756
In the fall of 1756, there are accounts of several setters being killed by Indians (who were being spurred on by the French) near the "Jackson's River" and other areas of Augusta County, Virginia. One of the more detailed accounts is regarding the family of John Bird of Jackson's River, whose family was destroyed by this Indian uprising:
Account of John Bird's murder in 1756 and family's kidnapping:
The Annals of Bath County: The Families of Greater Bath, p. 190: John Byrd, a brother-in-law to John & William DEAN, was killed by Indians 2 years after his purchase on Jackson's River in 1754. Of the wife & 6 children who were carried away, John Jr., is the only one we know to have returned. The family were trying to escape Fort Dinwiddie. The son became so Indianized that it was quite awhile before he could reconcile himself to the ways of his own people. He was a favorite of the red man & made at least one attempt to go back to them. His wife was a HAMILTON. There were 7 children but Andrew H., whose wife was Elizabeth Capito, was the only son to stay in Bath. A sister, 2 years older than John Jr. remained with the Indians. Another sister Sarah, born 1743, does not seem to have been carried away & chose John Dean as a guardian.
In a 1764 report, Colonel Henry Bouquet provides a list of prisoners he recovered. Listed on the report is Margarett Bard (Bird) and five of her children. At least one must have died in captivity. The list is located at the bottom of this page.
Massacre at Fort Vause - 1756
The Indian Massacre at Fort Vause on 25 June 1756 is detailed in the following article:
Massacre at Fort Vause, Augusta County VA
Massacre at Ft. Upper Tract - 1758
The Indian Massacre at Fort Upper Tract on 27 April 1758 is detailed in the following article:
Massacre at Fort Upper Tract, Augusta County VA
Massacre at Ft. Seybert - 1758
The Indian Massacre at Fort Seybert on 28 April 1758 is detailed in the following article:
Massacre at Fort Seybert, Augusta County VA
Massacre at Ft. Warden - 1758
Fort Warden was a small stockade fort in the vicinity of the present town of Wardensville, in Capon District, Hardy County (then Hampshire County). Here on the 11th of November, 1749, George Washington surveyed for William Warden, the builder of the fort, "a certain tract of waste and ungranted land." Here too, in 1758, William Warden and a Mr. Taff were killed by Indians, who burned the fort. [Sources.—Toner's Edition of "Washington's Journal of My Journey over the Mountains, 1747-8," p. 87; Kercheval's "History of the Valley," p. 115; DeHass' "History of the Early Settlement and Indian Wars of Western Virginia," p. 204].
Massacre at Hawksbill Settlement
The Hawksbill Settlement was attacked by Indians in late July/early August, 1758. Several settlers were killed in the Massacre at Hawksbill Settlement that occurred there.
Rescued Prisoners in 1764
The following is a list of English Prisoners that were rescued by Col. Henry Bouquet in September 1764 [Source: The military papers of Colonel Henry Bouquet microform: brigadier-general in America, lieutenant-colonel of the Royal American Regiment 1754-65. Edited by S.K. Stevens, Donald H. Kent and Autumn L. Leonard. London, England: World Microfilms Publications 1978]:
- {first sheet}
- English Prisoners among the Shawanas.
- {second sheet}
- A List of the Prisoners at the Lower Shawana Town
- {first column}
- Robert Puzy
- John [Poth]
- John C[eller]
- Samuel Hu[ss]
- Abraham [Or]mand
- John Freelands & 3 Children & wife
- David Co[ur]day
- Jacob Good
- Dutch John
- Thomas Cabe
- Gower Sovereign & four Children
- Margrett Bard & five Children - (Note: this is the wife of John Bird who was killed at Jackson's River in 1756. On the list of persons captured it refers to "Mrs. Bird and six children", so one child must have died in captivity)
- Mary [Or]inger & two Children
- Dutch Sar[r]ah & three Children
- Sa[rr]ah Barnett & one Child
- Vanny Barnett & five Children
- [A]ley Cincade three children
- Mary Burk & two Children
- Betsey Robertson
- Hannah Densey
- Betsey Snodgrass
- Betsey Medley
- A Dutch Girl
- Nan[s]ey Miller
- Betsey Jamison
- Nely Fulerton
- Mary Moore
- Susanna Voss
- Molly Gould
- Jean Macrakin & her sister
- Carried Up
- {second column}
- Ann [Folkison]
- Wm Medley
- Nansey Ranick her sister & four Brothers
- James Stewart
- John Guthrey
- [Le]zy Bengiman
- John Martin
- Willm Days
- Benjamin Robertson's son
- [Lo]dick
- Soloman Carpenter
- Margrett Carpmill
- Saley Boyles & Brother
- Joseph Ramsey
- Moly Cristopher
- Molly Moore
- Total 88
- Colonel Boquet,
- Comandant
- Fort Pitt
Sources
- Wikipedia.com: Bemino - medicine man of the Delaware Indians
- Wikipedia.com: French and Indian War
- Rootsweb.com post: http://newsarch.rootsweb.com/th/read/WVPENDLE/1998-09/0906661407
- Rootsweb.com post: http://newsarch.rootsweb.com/th/read/WVPENDLE/1998-09/0906307380
- Ancestry.com post: http://boards.ancestry.com/surnames.mouse/104/mb.ashx
- Encyclopedia of the French & Indian War in North America, 1754-1763, by Donald I. Stoetzel
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